The "range" of a list a numbers is just the difference between the largest and smallest values. If no number in the list is repeated, then there is no mode for the list.
The "median" is the "middle" value in the list of numbers.The "mean" is the "average" you're used to, where you add up all the numbers and then divide by the number of numbers.This is why the average income is typically expressed by a different sort of average. But this does not accurately reflect what we mean when we're trying to discuss the "average" income. The numerical average can mislead by suggesting that the average (in this case, we mean "typical") person earns a few tens of thousands per year.
A typical example would be the case where nearly every person in a given population lives on about two dollars a day, but there is a small elite with incomes in the millions.